Spotted Tanager (Ixothraupis punctata) [XC493999]
by JAYRSON ARAUJO DE OLIVEIRA from Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil (call, flight call)
Spotted Tanager (Ixothraupis) [XC892700]
by Paul Driver from Wild Sumaco Lodge, Cant\u00f3n Archidona, Napo, Ecuador (call)
Subspecies
Genetic data indicate that this species and Yellow-bellied Tanager (Tangara xanthogastra), Speckled Tanager (Tangara guttata), Dotted Tanager (Tangara varia) and Rufous-throated Tanager (Tangara rufigula) form a species group. Despite significant geographical separation, as well as differences in habitat elevation, the possibility that western and eastern populations may represent two distinct species has not yet been investigated in detail.
The following 5 subspecies are recognised:
zamorae Chapman, 1925 - Eastern slope of Andes in Ecuador (Sucumbíos) and northern Peru (Moyobamba).
perenensis Chapman, 1925 - Eastern slope of Andes in central Peru (Junín, mainly in Chanchamayo area).
annectens Zimmer, JT, 1943 - Eastern slope in south-eastern Peru (Inambari region).
punctulata (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1876) - Eastern slope in northern Bolivia (La Paz and Cochabamba).
punctata (Linnaeus, 1766) - Southern Venezuela (south of R Orinoco), the Guianas, and northern Brazil (R Negro east to Amapá and, south of Amazon, in Pará).