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 LC    Black-headed Mannikin* Id (Atlas): 870
    Lonchura malacca Introduced

Description (10)
Image of Black-headed Mannikin
 

Other Names (World)
Tricoloured Munia, Black-headed Munia, Chestnut Munia, Black-headed Mannikin, Black-headed Nun, Indian Black-headed Munia, Three-colored Nun, Three-coloured Nun, Tricolored Munia, Tricolored Mannikin, Tricoloured Mannikin, Tricolored Nun, Tricoloured Nun

Family
Estrildidae (Waxbills)

Size
10 - 12 cm

First Described (Guide)
(Linnaeus, 1766)

Derivation
Lon-chü'-ra - Gk, lonche, spear-head; Gk, oura, tail: malacca - ?

Abundance (Guide)
E

Extinct. Introduced and aviary escapees.

Habitat
Grasslands, marshes, scrub, cultivated lands, rice paddies.

Range (Guide)
India, Sri Lanka.

Introduced to Haiti, Jamaica, Japan (B), Portugal (B), Puerto Rico (B), Venezuela.

Also introduced to Australia.
 
Image of Range of Black-headed Mannikin
 
Rarity Status
Currently this species is not classified as a rarity in this country OR information has not been updated.

Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).

Status LC
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.

Habits
Usually in flocks in their normal range.

Voice
Call: a weak, reedy 'pee pee..', often uttered in flight. Song: a very quiet series of bill-snapping notes followed by silent singing (no audible notes), ending with faint drawn-out whistled notes.

Xeno-Canto Sound Files (more (4)...)

 
Tricolored Munia (Lonchura malacca) [XC500827]
     by Juan Pablo L\u00f3pez O from Chennai, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India (call)

 
Tricolored Munia (Lonchura malacca) [XC105865]
     by Sreekumar Chirukandoth from kosamba, India (call)

Breeding Season (Guide)
Does not breed in Australia. Breeds on Asian sub-continent (December - October), sometimes semi-colonially.

J F M A M J J A S O N D
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   


Nest
A ball with a slightly spouted side entrance, in a bush, tree or grass.

Eggs (Guide)
4 - 6; white; oval; 16 x 12 mm.

Subspecies
Lonchura malacca (Sibley and Monroe 1990, 1993) has been split into Black-headed Mannikin (Lonchura malacca) and Chestnut Munia (Lonchura atricapilla) following AOU (2000).

May form a superspecies with Chestnut Munia (Lonchura atricapilla) and White-capped Munia (Lonchura ferruginosa), and sometimes considered conspecific with former or with both.

The following 2 subspecies are recognised:

  • rubronigra (Hodgson, 1836)   -  Foothills of northern India and Nepal terai. Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Chestnut Munia (Lonchura atricapilla).
  • malacca (Linnaeus, 1766)   -  Southern India, Sri Lanka.



References
See References.

The Field Guide to the Birds of Australia Pizzey, G., and Knight, E., 1997, Angus & Robertson, Sydney ISBN 0 207 19691 5
Field Guide to Australian Birds Morecombe, M., 2000, Steve Parish Publishing Pty Ltd. ISBN 1 876282 10 X
Field Guide to the Birds of Australia Simpson, K., and Day, N., 1999, 6th Edition, Viking ISBN 0 670 87918 5
Reader's Digest Complete Book of Australian Birds 1988, 2nd Edition, Reader's Digest ISBN 0 949819 99 9
What Bird is That? 1984, Revised Edition, Angus & Robertson, Sydney ISBN 0 207 14846 5
Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic Birds 1990 - , Oxford University Press, Melbourne ISBN 0 19 553244 9


Files:
JPG files for Black-headed Mannikin (Lonchura malacca) - 10 files


More Information

BirdLife International

For more information about the Black-headed Mannikin see... Show Articles BirdLife International Species Factsheet.


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