Yellow-billed Cacique (Amblycercus holosericeus) [XC259983]
by Mitch Lysinger from Napo: 'Caba\u00f1as San Isidro', 1-2 km SW Cosanga, Ecuador (duet)
Yellow-billed Cacique (Amblycercus holosericeus) [XC311567]
by Ross Gallardy from Sendero de Xocen, El Salvador (song)
Subspecies
Affiliation uncertain. DNA and skeletal data, also nest structure, indicate that this species is not related to true caciques (Cacicus). Even its inclusion within present family has been questioned. Genetic distance between nominate subspecies and australis suggests that two separate species may be involved. Subspecies appear to differ little in nesting habits and voice. An examination of flavirostris required.
The following 3 subspecies are recognised:
holosericeus (Deppe, 1830) - South-eastern Mexico (southern Tamaulipas) and across central America south to north-western Colombia (Cartagena).
flavirostris Chapman, 1915 - Pacific lowlands from western Colombia (Chocó) south to northern Peru (Tumbes).
australis Chapman, 1919 - Santa Marta Mts (northern Colombia), Sierra de Perijá and coastal mountains of central Venezuela (Distrito Federal), and Andes from south-western Venezuela south to Peru and central Bolivia (Santa Cruz).