Carmelite Sunbird (Chalcomitra fuliginosa) [XC444613]
by id from Lagune SW Ouidah, Atlantique, Benin (song)
Carmelite Sunbird (Chalcomitra fuliginosa) [XC173213]
by Bram Piot from Ouidah, Ouidah, Atlantique, Benin (call)
Subspecies
Forms a group with Green-throated Sunbird (Chalcomitra rubescens) and Amethyst Sunbird (Chalcomitra amethystina) and sometimes thought to form a superspecies with those, despite considerable geographical overlap, but all appear to hybridize occasionally in areas where they meet.
Proposed subspecies nigrescens (described from Brazzaville, in PRCongo), males of which have supposedly darker mantle, is treated as a synonym of nominate, but some authors have recommended its recognition for populations along lower R Congo.
The following 2 subspecies are recognised:
aurea (Lesson, R, 1847) - Coasts from Sierra Leone east to Gabon and PRCongo.
fuliginosa (Shaw, 1812) - North-western Angola (including Cabinda) and lower R Congo (inland to Kwamouth, DRCongo).