Common Hill Myna (Gracula religiosa)

Other Names (World)
Common Hill Myna, Hill Myna, Talking Myna, Common Grackle

Family
Sturnidae (Starlings)

Size
27 - 31 cm

First Described (Guide)
Linnaeus, 1758

Habitat
Subtropical and tropical lowland and montane moist forest. From 300 - 2,000 m.

Range (Guide)

Bangladesh (E) (B), Bhutan (B), Brunei Darussalam (B), Cambodia (B), China (mainland) (B), India (B), Indonesia (B), Laos (B), Malaysia (B), Myanmar (B), Nepal (B), Philippines (B), Singapore (B), Sri Lanka (B), Thailand (B), Vietnam (B).

Introduced to Hong Kong (China), Puerto Rico (B).

Rarity Status
Currently this species is not classified as a rarity in this country OR information has not been updated.

Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).

Status LC
Habitat destruction and trade are the main threats.

For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.

Habits
Can mimic human speech.

Voice
Xeno-Canto Sound Files (more (177)...)

Common Hill Myna (Gracula religiosa) [XC858372]
by David Edwards from , Cambodia (call)

Common Hill Myna (Gracula religiosa) [XC604554]
by Agris Celmins from , Singapore (song)

Subspecies
Often treated as conspecific with Southern Hill Myna (Gracula indica), Enggano Hill-Myna (Gracula enganensis) and Nias Hill Myna (Gracula robusta). Birds from Flores (Lesser Sundas), described as subspecies mertensi, considered inseparable from venerata.

The following 7 subspecies are recognised:

intermedia Hay, 1845 - Northern and north-eastern Indian Subcontinent east to Myanmar and southern China (including Hainan I), south to northern peninsular Thailand, Cambodia and Indochina.
peninsularis Whistler & Kinnear, 1933 - East-central India (Orissa and south-eastern Madhya Pradesh).
andamanensis (Beavan, 1867) - Coco Is (south of western Myanmar), Andaman Is and Nicobar Is.
religiosa Linnaeus, 1758 - Southern Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Bangka I, Belitung, northern Natunas, Borneo, Java and Bali.
batuensis Finsch, 1899 - Batu Is and Mentawai Is, off western Sumatra.
palawanensis (Sharpe, 1890) - Palawan (western Philippines).
venerata Bonaparte, 1850 - Lesser Sundas from Lombok and Sumbawa east to Pantar and Alor. Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Tenggara Hill Myna (Gracula venerata).

References
See References.

Files:

JPG files for Common Hill Myna (Gracula religiosa) - 10 files

More Information

BirdLife International

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BirdLife International Species Factsheet.

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