Habitat
Subtropical and tropical lowland moist forest and shrubland. Also, subtropical and tropical montane moist forest and heavily degraded former forest. From sea-level - 1,200 m.
African Barred Owlet (Glaucidium capense) [XC298538]
by Faansie Peacock from Dzalamyama, near Forest Lodge, Central Region, Malawi (song)
African Barred Owlet (Glaucidium capense) [XC507747]
by Derek Solomon from Hoedspruit, South Africa (song)
Subspecies
BirdLife International's treatment of Glaucidium capense currently includes ngamiense and scheffleri, contra Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993) but recognises castaneum and albertinum as separate species contra Dowsett and Forbes-Watson (1993) who include albertinum and castaneum in capense.
Has been suggested as forming superspecies with Chestnut Owlet (Glaucidium castaneum) and Albertine Owlet (Glaucidium albertinum). Some authors have considered present species conspecific with Chestnut Owlet (Glaucidium castaneum), or, alternatively, to include only disjunct western African subspecies etchecopari of Chestnut Owlet (Glaucidium castaneum). Recent studies have indicated that ngamiense (including intergrade forms "clanceyi" and "robertsi") and scheffleri should both be regarded as distinct species, on basis of morphology, geographical distribution, habitat preferences and slight vocal differences, but more research needed.
The following 5 subspecies are recognised:
scheffleri Neumann, 1911 - Extreme southern Somalia and eastern Kenya to north-eastern Tanzania. Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Scheffler's Owlet (Glaucidium scheffleri).
ngamiense (Roberts, 1932) - Central Tanzania and south-eastern Zaire across to southern Angola, south to northern Namibia, northern Botswana, eastern Transvaal and south-central Mozambique. Also Mafia I. Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, M000002450
capense (Smith, 1834) - From southern Mozambique south to eastern Cape.
etchecopari Érard & Roux, F, 1983 - Patchily in Liberia and Ivory Coast.