Anguilla, Antigua And Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Canada (P), Cayman Islands, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St Kitts And Nevis, St Lucia, St Pierre and Miquelon (P), St Vincent and The Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, USA (B), Venezuela, Virgin Islands (British) (NB), Virgin Islands (U.S.) (NB).
Vagrant to Greenland, Grenada, Iceland, Ireland, Netherlands, Norway, United Kingdom.
Breeds in southern Canada from north-eastern British Columbia and Alberta east to southern Ontario, southern Quebec and Nova Scotia, southern in central and eastern USA to central Texas, central Mississippi, north-western Georgia, western Virginia and northern Delaware. Winters mostly in Florida, coastal California, Cuba and Jamaica, and Mexico south to northern Colombia and Venezuela.
 
Population
Estimated population is 6,000,000 (2010).
Baltimore Oriole (Icterus galbula) [XC864040]
by song a few hundred yards away. from Snowy Cotinga House, Changuinola, Provincia de Bocas del Toro, Panama (alarm call)
Baltimore Oriole (Icterus galbula) [XC839510]
by Daniel Parker from Kawartha Lakes (near Kirkfield), Kawartha Lakes, Ontario, Canada (song)
Subspecies
No subspecies.
Icterus galbula (Sibley and Monroe 1990, 1993) has been split into Northern Oriole (Icterus galbula), Bullock's Oriole (Icterus bullockiorum) and Black-backed Oriole (Icterus abeillei) following AOU (1998).
DNA data indicate that this is sister-species of Black-backed Oriole (Icterus abeillei). Formerly treated as conspecific with Black-backed Oriole (Icterus abeillei) and with Bullock's Oriole (Icterus bullockiorum). Hybridizes extensively with Bullock's Oriole (Icterus bullockiorum) in a belt from southern Canada (Alberta and Saskatchewan) southern in Great Plains to southern USA (Oklahoma and Texas), but assortative mating (or selection against hybrids) evident at several locations.