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 LC    Eurasian Eagle-Owl* Id (Atlas):
    Bubo bubo

Description (10)
Image of Eurasian Eagle-Owl
 

Other Names (World)
Eurasian Eagle-Owl, Common/Great/Northern Eagle-owl

Family
Strigidae (Typical Owls)

Size
54 - 75 cm
Wingspan: 175 cm

First Described (Guide)
(Linnaeus, 1758)

Habitat
Forested mountains with rocky outcrops and cliffs.

Range (Guide)
Afghanistan (B) (NB), Albania (B), Andorra (B) (NB), Armenia (B), Austria (B) (NB), Azerbaijan (B) (NB), Belarus (B) (NB), Belgium (B) (NB), Bosnia and Herzegovina (B), Bulgaria (B) (NB), China (mainland) (B), Croatia (Local Name: Hrvatska) (B) (NB), Czech Republic (B) (NB), Denmark (B) (NB), Estonia (B) (NB), Finland (B) (NB), France (B) (NB), Georgia (B), Germany (B), Greece (B) (NB), Hong Kong (China) (B), Hungary (B) (NB), India (B), Iran [Islamic Republic of] (B), Iraq (B) (NB), Israel (B), Italy (B) (NB), Japan (B), Kazakhstan (B), Kyrgyzstan (B), Latvia (B) (NB), Lebanon (B), Liechtenstein (B) (NB), Lithuania (B) (NB), Luxembourg (B) (NB), Macedonia [The Former Yugoslav Republic of] (B) (NB), Moldova [Republic of] (B), Mongolia (B), Montenegro (B), Netherlands Antilles (B) (NB), North Korea (B), Norway (B), Pakistan (B), Poland (B), Portugal (B) (NB), Romania (B) (NB), Russia (Asian) (B), Russia (Central Asian) (B) (NB), Russia (European) (B) (NB), Serbia (B), Slovakia (Slovak Republic) (B) (NB), Slovenia (B) (NB), South Korea (B), Spain (B) (NB), Sweden (B) (NB), Switzerland (B) (NB), Syrian Arab Republic (B), Tajikistan (B), Turkey (B) (NB), Turkmenistan (E) (B), Ukraine (B) (NB), Uzbekistan (B).

Vagrant to Bahrain, Gibraltar.

Widespread, but scarce, from south-western Europe and Scandinavia to north-eastern Russia, China, Korea and northern Japan.
 
Population
Estimated population is 250,000 - 2,500,000 (2010).

Status LC
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.

Habits
Crepuscular, nocturnal.

Voice
Very deep, hoarse coughing 'uh-hoo' or 'whoohuu' repeated infrequently, and far-carrying in territory. Cliks beak if disturbed or gives hard barking 'ka ka-kau'.

Xeno-Canto Sound Files (more (498)...)

 
Eurasian Eagle-Owl (Bubo bubo) [XC524166]
     by Lars Edenius from Cavigliano, Locarno, Ticino, Switzerland (call, song, copulation call)

 
Eurasian Eagle-Owl (Bubo bubo) [XC603076]
     by Alain Malengreau from Kalmthout, Antwerpen, Vlaanderen, Belgium (begging call, song)

Subspecies
Eurasian Eagle-Owl (Bubo bubo) and Pharaoh Eagle-Owl (Bubo ascalaphus) (Sibley and Monroe 1990, 1993) are retained as separate species contra AERC TAC (2003) and Dowsett and Forbes-Watson (1993) who include ascalphus as a subspecies of Bubo bubo.

Forms superspecies with Rock Eagle-Owl (Bubo bengalensis) and Pharaoh Eagle-Owl (Bubo ascalaphus), with Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus) (including recently separated Magellanic Horned Owl (Bubo magellanicus)) and Cape Eagle-Owl (Bubo capensis) sometimes considered part of same group. Sometimes considered to include Rock Eagle-Owl (Bubo bengalensis) and Pharaoh Eagle-Owl (Bubo ascalaphus) as subspecies.

A large number of additional subspecies named: populations described from Bashkirskaya (baschkiricus) included in sibiricus; from L Zaysan region (zaissanensis) in yenisseensis; from north-western Xinjiang (tarimensis) in turcomanus; from central Tibet and north-western China (tibetanus) in hemachalana; from northern Mongolia (dauricus) and Sakhalin (borissowi) in ussuriensis; from south-eastern Yunnan (jarlandi), Sichuan (setschuanus), Manchuria and northern China (inexpectatus) in kiautschensis; and from southern Kurils, Hokkaido and Korea (tenuipes) split between ussuriensis and kiautschensis.

The following 17 subspecies are recognised:

  • hispanus Rothschild & Hartert, 1910   -  Iberian Peninsula; formerly also Atlas Mts in north-western Africa (probably extinct).
  • bubo (Linnaeus, 1758)   -  Europe from northern Spain and Scandinavia east to western Russia (east to about Gor'kiy).
  • ruthenus Buturlin & Zhitkov, 1906   -  Central European Russia east to foothills of Ural Mts, south to lower Volga basin.
  • interpositus Rothschild & Hartert, 1910   -  From Romania and southern Ukraine east to Volga delta, south to Middle East (south to central Israel and Jordan) and north-western Iran.
  • sibiricus (Gloger, 1833)   -  From western foothills of Urals east to R Ob, south to western Altai.
  • yenisseensis Buturlin, 1911   -  Central Siberia from R Ob to L Baikal, south to Altai and northern Mongolia.
  • turcomanus (Eversmann, 1835)   -  Steppes between lower R Volga and R Ural, east to Transbaikalia, and south to Kazakhstan, extreme north-western China (Tarim Basin in north-western Xinjiang) and western Mongolia.
  • omissus Dementiev, 1933   -  Turkmeniya to western China (Chinese Turkestan).
  • hemachalanus Hume, 1873   -  From Pamirs and northern Tien Shan south to Himalayas.
  • nikolskii Zarudny, 1905   -  Eastern Iraq and Iran, Afghanistan, and northern and western Pakistan.
  • jakutensis Buturlin, 1908   -  North-eastern Siberia.
  • ussuriensis Poliakov, 1915   -  South-eastern Siberia to north-eastern China, Sakhalin, northern Hokkaido and southern Kuril Is.
  • kiautschensis Reichenow, 1903   -  From western and central China (south to Yunnan and Sichuan) east to Korea.
  • swinhoei Hartert, 1913   -  South-eastern China.
  • tibetanus Bianchi, 1906   -  Tibetan Plateau.
  • tarimensis Buturlin, 1928   -  Eastern Tarim Basin (western China) to southern Mongolia.
  • borissowi Hesse, 1915   -  Sakhalin and Kuril Is. (off south-eastern Siberia).



References
See References.


Files:
JPG files for Eurasian Eagle-Owl (Bubo bubo) - 10 files


More Information

BirdLife International

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