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 LC    Black-and-white Munia* Id (Atlas):
    Spermestes bicolor

Description (10)
Image of Black-and-white Munia
 

Other Names (World)
Black-and-white Mannikin, Black-and-white Munia, Blue-billed Mannikin, Red-backed Mannikin, Rufous-backed Mannikin, Chequered Mannikin, Bicolored Mannikin, Bicoloured Mannikin, Brown-backed Munia, Rufous-backed Munia, Chestnut-backed Munia, Red-backed Mannikin (nigriceps), Fernando Po Munia (poensis), Fernando Po Mannikin (poensis)

Family
Estrildidae (Waxbills)

Size
9 cm

First Described (Guide)
(Fraser, 1843)

Habitat
Subtropical and tropical lowland moist forest, dry forest, dry savanna, dry shrubland. From sea-level - 1,500 m.

Range (Guide)
Angola, Benin, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo [The Democratic Republic of the], Congo [The Democratic Republic of the], Côte dIvoire, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania [United Republic of], Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).

Status LC
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.

Voice
Xeno-Canto Sound Files (more (8)...)

 
Black-and-white Mannikin (Spermestes) [XC237894]
     by Guido O. Keijl from Ruhija, Bwindi Impenetrable Forest, Kisoro, Western Region, Uganda (flight call)

 
Black-and-white Mannikin (Spermestes bicolor) [XC115075]
     by Martin St-Michel from For\u00eat d'Ebogo, Nyong-et-So, Cameroon (call)

Subspecies
Black-and-white Munia (Spermestes bicolor) and Red-backed Mannikin (Lonchura nigriceps) (Sibley and Monroe 1990, 1993) are retained as separate species contra Dowsett and Forbes-Watson (1993) who include nigriceps as a subspecies of Black-and-white Munia (Spermestes bicolor).

Nominate subspecies and poensis intergrade in Cameroon, and poensis back colour varies clinally from black in west to brown in east. Birds in southern Sudan and eastern DRCongo intermediate between poensis and woltersi are sometimes treated as subspecies stigmatophora (from Bukoba, on L Victoria), but better included within poensis.

Proposed subspecies minor (from Fanole, in southern Somalia) is treated as a synonym of nigriceps.

The following 4 subspecies are recognised:

  • bicolor (Fraser, 1843)   -  Guinea-Bissau, southern Mali, southern Guinea and Sierra Leone east to southern Nigeria and Cameroon.
  • poensis (Fraser, 1843)   -  Bioko I (Fernando Póo) and southern Cameroon south to northern Angola, east to DRCongo (except north-eastern and south), southern Sudan, south-western Ethiopia, Uganda, western Kenya and north-western Tanzania.
  • woltersi (Schouteden, 1956)   -  South-eastern DRCongo and north-western Zambia.
  • nigriceps Cassin, 1852   -  Southern Somalia, eastern Kenya and Tanzania south to Zambia, southern Mozambique and north-eastern and eastern South Africa. Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Red-backed Mannikin (Lonchura nigriceps).



References
See References.


Files:
JPG files for Black-and-white Munia (Spermestes bicolor) - 10 files


More Information

BirdLife International

For more information about the Black-and-white Munia see... Show Articles BirdLife International Species Factsheet.


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