Luzon Hornbill (Penelopides manillae) [XC895744]
by Desmond Allen from Bluewater, Baggao, Cagayan, Cagayan Valley, Philippines (call, song)
Luzon Hornbill (Penelopides manillae) [XC308912]
by David Edwards from Subic Bay, Bataan, Central Luzon, Philippines (call)
Subspecies
Forms a superspecies with Tarictic Hornbill (Penelopides panini), Sulawesi Hornbill (Rhabdotorrhinus exarhatus) and Mindoro Hornbill (Penelopides mindorensis), and all formerly considered conspecific. Sulawesi Hornbill (Rhabdotorrhinus exarhatus) also treated as conspecific by some authors. Original spelling of species name actually appears to be "manilloe", but appearance of diphthongs varies with original typescripts, and internal evidence from this same work clearly indicates author's intended name to have been "manillae".
The following 2 subspecies are recognised:
manillae (Boddaert, 1783) - Northern Philippines, on Luzon, Marinduque, Catanduanes and adjacent islets.
subniger McGregor, 1910 - Polillo I and Patnanongan I.