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 LC    Canyon Towhee* Id (Atlas):
    Melozone fusca

Description (10)
Image of Canyon Towhee
 

Other Scientific Names
Pipilo fuscus [Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993)], Pipilo fuscus [Stotz et al. (1996)], Pipilo fuscus [BirdLife International (2004, 2008)]

Other Names (World)
Canyon Towhee, Brown Towhee

Family
Passerellidae (New World Sparrows)

Size
18.50 - 22 cm

First Described (Guide)
(Swainson, 1827)

Habitat
Subtropical and tropical lowland dry shrubland. From sea-level - 3,100 m.

Range (Guide)
Mexico, USA (B).

Population
Estimated population is 7,000,000 (2010).

Status LC
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.

Voice
Xeno-Canto Sound Files (more (75)...)

 
Canyon Towhee (Melozone fusca) [XC323284]
     by Richard E. Webster from Portal, Arizona, United States (call, song)

 
Canyon Towhee (Melozone fusca) [XC538121]
     by Phoenix Birder from Walsenburg, Huerfano County, Colorado, United States (song, wing beats)

Subspecies
Formerly placed in genus Pipilo and sometimes in Melozone. Molecular analysis indicates that White-throated Towhee (Melozone albicollis) is a sister-taxon. Previously treated as conspecific with California Towhee (Melozone crissalis). Geographical variation rather weak, and largely clinal, with much intergradation.

Proposed subspecies aimophilum (described from Fort Davis, Texas) treated as a synonym of texanum.

The following 10 subspecies are recognised:

  • mesoleucum (Baird, SF, 1854)   -  Southern USA from Arizona east through New Mexico and western Texas, and northern Mexico south to northern Sonora (except north-western coast) south to 30° north and north-western Chihuahua south to 31° north.
  • mesata (Oberholser, 1937)   -  South-eastern Colorado, north-eastern New Mexico and north-western Oklahoma.
  • texana (van Rossem, 1934)   -  Western and central Texas south to northern Mexico (north-western Coahuila).
  • intermedia (Nelson, 1899)   -  Central and southern Sonora south to northern Sinaloa (El Fuerte and Yecorato).
  • jamesi (Townsend, CH, 1923)   -  Tiburón I, off central-western Sonora, Mexico.
  • perpallida (van Rossem, 1934)   -  West-central Mexico in Sierra Madre Occidental and eastern foothills (from Chihuahua south through Durango to Nayarit, northern Jalisco and south-western Zacatecas).
  • potosina (Ridgway, 1899)   -  Central Mexico from northern Coahuila, western Nuevo León and south-western Tamaulipas south to eastern Zacatecas, western and central San Luis Potosí­, north-eastern Jalisco, Guanajuato and central and southern Querétaro.
  • fusca (Swainson, 1827)   -  Nayarit south to Colima, east through Jalisco and Michoacán, to Morelos, Mexico City, western Veracruz and north-central Guerrero.
  • campoi (Moore, RT, 1949)   -  Hidalgo, Puebla and western Veracruz, in eastern Mexico.
  • toroi (Moore, RT, 1942)   -  Tlaxcala east to western Veracruz, south to Puebla and northern Oaxaca.



References
See References.


Files:
JPG files for Canyon Towhee (Melozone fusca) - 10 files


More Information

BirdLife International

For more information about the Canyon Towhee see... Show Articles BirdLife International Species Factsheet.


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