Bahamas, Belize, Canada, Cayman Islands, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Panama, St Pierre and Miquelon (P), Turks and Caicos Islands, USA (B).
Vagrant to Dominican Republic, Greenland, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico.
Population
Estimated population is 34,000,000 (2010).
Nashville Warbler (Leiothlypis ruficapilla) [XC269033]
by Paul Marvin from Keenes Horse Camp\/ Muddy Meadows Area, Skamania County, Washington, United States (song)
Nashville Warbler (Leiothlypis ruficapilla) [XC13780]
by Tayler Brooks from Stony River Road, Lake Co., Minnesota, United States (song)
Subspecies
Recent genetic studies suggest that Tennessee Warbler (Leiothlypis peregrina), Orange-crowned Warbler (Leiothlypis celata), Nashville Warbler (Leiothlypis ruficapilla), Virginia's Warbler (Leiothlypis virginiae), Colima Warbler (Leiothlypis crissalis) and Lucy's Warbler (Leiothlypis luciae) form a clade, separate from the two other current congeners, and should be placed in a separate genus, for which the name Leiothlypis has been proposed. Flame-throated Warbler (Oreothlypis gutturalis) and Crescent-chested Warbler (Oreothlypis superciliosa) appear to be sister to this group.
Forms a superspecies with Virginia's Warbler (Leiothlypis virginiae), sometimes with Colima Warbler (Leiothlypis crissalis) also included and all have been considered conspecific, but such an arrangement not generally accepted. Has hybridized with Tennessee Warbler (Leiothlypis peregrina) and probably with American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla).
The following 2 subspecies are recognised:
ridgwayi (van Rossem, 1929) - Breeds from south-western Canada (southern British Columbia) southern in USA to central California; migrates to wintering grounds mainly in western Mexico (a few also in coastal southern California).
ruficapilla (Wilson, 1811) - Breeds southern and south-eastern Canada (Saskatchewan east to southern Quebec and southern Newfoundland) and north-eastern USA (Minnesota east to New England, and southern in Appalachians to West Virginia); migrates to eastern Mexico and Guatemala, a few also in southern Texas (and casually along Gulf coast to north-western Florida).