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 LC    Short-toed Snake-Eagle* Id (Atlas):
    Circaetus gallicus Vagrant

Description (10)
Image of Short-toed Snake-Eagle
 

Other Names (World)
Short-toed Snake-Eagle, Short toed Eagle, Short-toed Snake Eagle

Family
Accipitridae (Hawks, Eagles)

Size
62 - 70 cm
Wingspan: 166 - 190 cm

First Described (Guide)
(Gmelin, 1788)

Habitat
Subtropical and tropical lowland dry grassland, temperate grassland. From sea-level - 2,300 m.

Range (Guide)
Afghanistan (P), Albania (B) (P), Algeria, Andorra (B), Armenia (B), Azerbaijan (B), Bahrain (NB) (P), Bangladesh, Belarus (B), Benin, Bosnia and Herzegovina (B), Bulgaria (B) (P), Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cote dIvoire, Central African Republic, Chad, China (mainland) (B), Congo [The Democratic Republic of the], Croatia (Local Name: Hrvatska) (B) (P), Czech Republic, Egypt, Estonia (B), Ethiopia, France (B) (P), Gambia, Georgia (B) (P), Ghana, Gibraltar (NB) (P), Greece (B) (P), Guinea, Guinea-bissau, Hungary (B) (P), India (B), Indonesia (B), Iran [Islamic Republic of] (B), Iraq (B) (P), Israel (B), Italy (B) (P), Jordan (B) (P), Kazakhstan (B), Kenya, Kuwait (NB) (P), Kyrgyzstan (B), Latvia (B), Lebanon (B) (P), Liberia, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Lithuania (B), Macedonia [The Former Yugoslav Republic of] (B), Mali, Mauritania, Republic of Moldova (B) (P), Montenegro (B), Morocco, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Nigeria, Oman (B) (NB) (P), Pakistan (B), Palestinian Authority Territories, Poland (B), Portugal (B), Qatar (NB) (P), Romania (B) (P), Russia (Central Asian) (B), Russia (European) (B), Saudi Arabia (B) (NB) (P), Senegal, Serbia (B), Singapore, Slovakia (Slovak Republic) (B), Slovenia (B), Somalia, Spain (B) (NB) (P), Sudan, Switzerland (B), Syrian Arab Republic (B) (P), Tajikistan (B), Tanzania [United Republic of], Thailand, Timor-Leste (B) (NB), Togo, Tunisia, Turkey (B), Turkmenistan (B), Uganda, Ukraine (B) (P), United Arab Emirates (B) (NB) (P), Uzbekistan (B), Vietnam, Western Sahara, Yemen (NB) (P), Zambia.

Vagrant to Austria, Belgium, Bhutan, Cambodia, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, Germany (B), Laos, Lesotho, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malta (B), Mongolia, Netherlands, Norway, Sierra Leone, Sweden, United Kingdom.

North-western Africa and south-western Europe north to Gulf of Finland and east to L Balkash and Iran; Indian Subcontinent; Lesser Sundas (from Lombok to Timor). western populations winter in Sahel zone.
 
Population
Estimated population is 51,000 - 156,000 (2011).

Status LC
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.

Voice
Xeno-Canto Sound Files (more (85)...)

 
Short-toed Snake Eagle (Circaetus) [XC552641]
     by Nelson Concei\u00e7\u00e3o from Vauvenargues, Bouches-du-Rh\u00f4ne, Provence-Alpes-C\u00f4te d'Azur, France (flight call)

 
Short-toed Snake Eagle (Circaetus) [XC508104]
     by Beno\u00eet Van Hecke from La Chapelle-Mouli\u00e8re, Vienne, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France (begging call, call)

Subspecies
Short-toed Snake-Eagle (Circaetus gallicus) (including beaudouini) and Black-chested Snake-Eagle (Circaetus pectoralis) (Sibley and Monroe 1990, 1993) were previously lumped into Circaetus gallicus following Dowsett and Forbes-Watson (1993). Following a review by the BirdLife Taxonomic Working Group all three are now considered distinct species based on evidence provided by Clark (1999) and Kemp (1994).

Forms superspecies with Beaudouin's Snake-Eagle (Circaetus beaudouini) and Black-chested Snake-Eagle (Circaetus pectoralis), both of which are frequently considered subspecies of present species, due to occurrence of mixed pairs in zones of overlap. Population of Lesser Sundas may be racially distinct; averages somewhat smaller and may have different timing of moult, but remains little known at present. Name Circaetus ferox formerly applied, but is unidentifiable.

The following 2 subspecies are recognised:

  • gallicus (Gmelin, 1788)   -  South-western Europe to central Asia, north-western China and India; Lesser Sundas.
  • sacerdotis Ng, N, Christidis, Olsen, Norman & Rheindt, 2017   -  Lesser Sundas (Lombok, Sumbawa, Komodo, Flores, Besar, Sumba, Alor, Rote, Wetar, Timor, and Tanimbar); reported also eastern Java and Bali, where perhaps only a nonbreeding visitor.



References
See References.


Files:
JPG files for Short-toed Snake-Eagle (Circaetus gallicus) - 10 files


More Information

BirdLife International

For more information about the Short-toed Snake-Eagle see... Show Articles BirdLife International Species Factsheet.


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