Little Nightjar (Setopagis parvula) [XC441969]
by Rosendo Manuel Fraga from Ayolas, Departamento de Misiones, Paraguay (song)
Little Nightjar (Setopagis parvula) [XC761929]
by JAYRSON ARAUJO DE OLIVEIRA from Est. Francia, General Jos\u00e9 Ballivi\u00e1n, Departamento del Beni, Bolivia (song)
Subspecies
Caprimulgus parvulus (Sibley and Monroe 1990, 1993) has been split into Little Nightjar (Setopagis parvula) and Todd's Nightjar (Setopagis heterura) following SACC (2006).
Formerly considered conspecific with Scrub Nightjar (Nyctidromus anthonyi), but differs in vocalizations. Birds of Santa Marta region (northern Colombia) have been considered a separate species, Todd's Nightjar (Setopagis heterura), again on basis of vocal differences, but these are normally considered insufficiently marked to justify such a split.
The following 2 subspecies are recognised:
heterura (Todd, 1915) - Northern Colombia and north-western and central-eastern Venezuela. Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Todd's Nightjar (Setopagis heterura).
parvula Gould, 1837 - Eastern Peru through Brazil (south of Amazon) and south to northern Argentina and Uruguay.