Collared Inca (Coeligena torquata) [XC56381]
by Bernabe Lopez-Lanus from Entre La Romelia y El Planchon (PNN Munchique), Charguayaco, Vereda La Romelia, Mpio El Tambo, Cauca, Colombia (call)
(Coeligena torquata) [XC96228]
by Bernabe Lopez-Lanus from Municipio El Calvario (Meta), Colombia (song)
Subspecies
Relationships uncertain within the complex Brown Inca (Coeligena wilsoni), Black Inca (Coeligena prunellei), Collared Inca (Coeligena torquata) and Gould's Inca (Coeligena inca) and further study is required. Forms superspecies with Gould's Inca (Coeligena inca), with which traditionally considered conspecific. "Coeligena traviesi" and "Coeligena lawrencei" are most likely hybrids between Collared Inca (Coeligena torquata) and, respectively, Buff-winged Starfrontlet (Coeligena lutetiae) and Mountain Velvetbreast (Lafresnaya lafresnayi).
The following 8 subspecies are recognised:
conradii (Bourcier, 1847) - Andes of north-western Venezuela (Trujillo, Mérida) and eastern Andes of Colombia. Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Green Inca (Coeligena conradii).
torquata (Boissonneau, 1840) - Andes of north-western Venezuela (Táchira) through Colombia and eastern Ecuador to northern Peru.
fulgidigula (Gould, 1854) - Western Andean slopes of Ecuador.
margaretae Zimmer, JT, 1948 - Andes of northern Peru (Chachapoyas).
insectivora (Tschudi, 1844) - Andes of central Peru.
eisenmanni Weske, 1985 - Southern Peru (Cordillera Vilcabamba). Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Vilcabamba Inca (Coeligena eisenmanni).
omissa Zimmer, JT, 1948 - Andes of south-eastern Peru (Urubamba to Puno). Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Gould's Inca (Coeligena inca).
inca (Gould, 1852) - Andes of Bolivia (La Paz, Cochabamba). Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Gould's Inca (Coeligena inca).
BirdLife International Species Factsheet