Painted Parakeet (Pyrrhura picta) [XC228845]
by Peter Boesman from Rio Grande area, Bolivar, Venezuela (call)
Painted Parakeet (Pyrrhura picta) [XC271849]
by Peter Boesman from Brownsberg, Brokopondo, Suriname (call, call flight)
Subspecies
Superspecific relations unclear, with strongest relations to White-eared Parakeet (Pyrrhura leucotis) and Maroon-tailed Parakeet (Pyrrhura melanura). Some interest in establishing disjunct forms in north-west of range as full species, but variation is as great within apparently contiguous "Amazonian" populations. Nevertheless, subspecies eisenmanni may be closer to White-eared Parakeet (Pyrrhura leucotis) than to present species, and eisenmanni and caeruleiceps appear closer to each other than either is to others in the Painted Parakeet (Pyrrhura picta) - White-eared Parakeet (Pyrrhura leucotis) complex.
The following 10 subspecies are recognised:
eisenmanni Delgado, 1985 - Azuero Peninsula, Panama. Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Azuero Parakeet (Pyrrhura eisenmanni).
subandina Todd, 1917 - North-western Colombia in Sinú Valley. Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Sinu Parakeet (Pyrrhura subandina).
caeruleiceps Todd, 1947 - Northern Colombia on western slope of eastern Andes. Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Perija Parakeet (Pyrrhura caeruleiceps).
pantchenkoi Phelps, 1977 - Colombia-Venezuela border in Sierra de Perijá.
picta (Müller, 1776) - Venezuela through the Guianas to northern Brazil (Amapá).
amazonum Hellmayr, 1906 - North-central Brazil, in Pará north of Amazon. Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Santarem Parakeet (Pyrrhura amazonum).
microtera Todd, 1947 - North-central Brazil south of Amazon from Pará to Tocantins.
lucianii (Deville, 1851) - North-western Brazil, south-eastern Ecuador, north-eastern Peru and along rivers in northern Bolivia. Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Bonaparte's Parakeet (Pyrrhura lucianii).
roseifrons (G. R. Gray, 1859) - Western Brazil and eastern Peru, southern and east of previous subspecies. Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Rose-fronted Parakeet (Pyrrhura roseifrons).
emma Salvadori, 1891 - North-western Venezuela. Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Venezuelan Parakeet (Pyrrhura emma).
BirdLife International Species Factsheet