North-central Argentina (Chaco and Corrientes south to Córdoba, Mendoza, La Pampa and Buenos Aires), extreme south-eastern Brazil (southern Rio Grande do Sul) and Uruguay.
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010) and decreasing.
Status NT
Habitat destruction and degradation through marsh drainage and the drying effects of Eucalyptus and Pinus spp. plantations, are the main threats.
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.
Bay-capped Wren-Spinetail (Spartonoica) [XC61791]
by Rafael Antunes Dias from Ceibas, Entre Rios, Argentina (song)
Bay-capped Wren-Spinetail (Spartonoica) [XC824561]
by Nick Athanas from Trilha do Talha-Mar, PARNA Lagoa do Peixe, Tavares, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (song)
Subspecies
No subspecies.
Placed in Synallaxis by some authors, but thought to be more closely related to Asthenes or Leptasthenura by others.
Similar Species
Three sympatric species (Hudson's Canastero (Asthenes hudsoni), Stripe-crowned Spinetail (Cranioleuca pyrrhophia) and Sedge Wren (Cistothorus platensis)) also found in marshes are basically similar, though all lack the distinctive rufous crown.
References
See References.