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 NR    Turkestan Tit* Id (Atlas):
    Parus bokharensis

Description (10)
Image of Turkestan Tit
 

Family
Paridae (Tits And Chickadees)

Size
14.50 cm

First Described (Guide)
Lichtenstein, 1823

Habitat
Temperate grassland and desert. From sea-level - 2,135 m.

Range (Guide)
Afghanistan (B) (NB), China (mainland), Iran [Islamic Republic of] (B), Kazakhstan (B), Kyrgyzstan (B) (NB), Russia (Asian), Tajikistan (B), Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.

Status NR
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.

Subspecies
Parus major (Sibley and Monroe 1990, 1993) was split by Päckert et al. (2005) into Great Tit (Parus major), Eastern Great Tit (Parus minor) and Southern Great Tit (Parus cinereus) who also transferred Turkestan Tit (Parus bokharensis) (Sibley and Monroe 1990, 1993) into Great Tit (Parus major). The BirdLife Taxonomic Working Group supports the authors treatment of bokharensis because morphological, vocal and genetic differences are small, but the treatment of minor and cinereus as species is not followed owing to the authors own reservations about recognising cinereus as distinct from minor because of the minor morphological, vocal and genetic differences and due to uncertainty over taxonomic relationships in the westernmost Himalayan region which allows the possibility that major and bokharensis are connected to cinereus and cinereus to minor. Owing to this uncertainty it is not felt there is sufficient evidence to treat any of these taxa as distinct from major at the species level.

Part of a species group which includes also Great Tit (Parus major), Green-backed Tit (Parus monticolus) and White-naped Tit (Machlolophus nuchalis). Forms a superspecies with Great Tit (Parus major), and has been treated as conspecific, but the two interbreed only rarely and locally, and genetic evidence indicates that they are better considered separate species. Paler birds from oases in Transcaspian deserts sometimes separated as subspecies panderi.

Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Great Tit (Parus major).

The following 3 subspecies are recognised:

  • bokharensis M. H. C. Lichtenstein, 1823   -  South-central Kazakhstan, Ukbekistan, Turkmenia and extreme north-eastern Iran east to northern Afghanistan. Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Great Tit (Parus major).
  • turkestanicus Zarudny and Loudon, 1905   -  South-eastern Kazakhstan east to extreme north-western China (northern Xinjiang), possibly also extreme south-western Mongolia. Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Great Tit (Parus major).
  • ferghanensis Buturlin, 1912   -  Mountains in Tajikistan (Pamir, Alai) and Kyrgyzstan east to western Tien Shan. Considered by some authors to be a subspecies of Great Tit (Parus major).



References
See References.


Files:
JPG files for Turkestan Tit (Parus bokharensis) - 10 files


More Information

BirdLife International

For more information about the Turkestan Tit see... Show Articles BirdLife International Species Factsheet.


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