Other Scientific Names
Heteroxolmis dominicana [Collar et al. (1994)], Heteroxolmis dominicana [Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993)], Heteroxolmis dominicana [BirdLife International (2000)], Xolmis dominicana [Stotz et al. (1996)], Xolmis dominicana [BirdLife International (2004)], Xolmis dominicana [Collar and Andrew (1988)]
South-western Paraguay, south-eastern Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul), Uruguay and north-eastern Argentina (eastern Formosa and Misiones south to northern Buenos Aires).
 
Population
Estimated population is 10,000 - 19,999 (2010) and decreasing.
Status VU
Habitat destruction and degradation through livestock-grazing, afforestation with non-native trees is the main threat. Also, anthropogenic fires have destroyed nests and there has been brood-parasitism by Shiny Cowbird (Molothrus bonariensis).
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.
Black-and-white Monjita (Heteroxolmis dominicana) [XC242027]
by Adrian Eisen Rupp from \u00c1gua Doce, Santa Catarina, Brazil (alarm call)
Black-and-white Monjita (Heteroxolmis dominicana) [XC818417]
by Douglas Meyer from Parque Estadual de Vila Velha, Ponta Grossa, Paran\u00e1, Brazil (alarm call)
Subspecies
No subspecies.
Sometimes placed in a monotypic genus, Heteroxolmis, on basis of morphological and anatomical data.
Similar Species
White Monjita (Xolmis irupero) is smaller, with black-tipped white tail and much less black on wings.
References
See References.