Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Venezuela.
Eastern Colombia (Vaupés, Amazonas), southern Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar) and the Guianas to eastern Ecuador, north-eastern Peru and north-western and north-central Brazil (Amazonas east to Amapá and Pará); also north-eastern Bolivia (north-eastern Santa Cruz), Paraguay and central and eastern Brazil (Bahia south to Sío Paulo) to north-eastern Argentina (Chaco, Formosa, Misiones).
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).
Rufous-throated Sapphire (Hylocharis sapphirina) [XC693612]
by id from Sabanitas, Inirida, Guainia, Colombia (song)
Rufous-throated Sapphire (Hylocharis sapphirina) [XC675191]
by Peter Boesman from Area Protegida y Reserva Natural Aquicuana, Bolivia (song)
Subspecies
In past, several subspecies were recognized, notably guianensis (Guyana) and brasiliensis (Bahia), but pattern of distinguishing morphological characters is not constant.