Afghanistan (NB), Albania (B) (NB), Algeria (B), Anguilla, Antigua And Barbuda, Armenia (NB), Aruba, Austria (B) (NB) (P), Azerbaijan (B) (NB), Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus (B), Belgium (B) (NB) (P), Belize, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina (B) (NB), Bulgaria (B) (NB), Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Canada (B) (P), Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, China (mainland), Colombia, Congo [The Democratic Republic of the], Costa Rica, Côte dIvoire, Croatia (Local Name: Hrvatska) (B) (NB) (P), Cuba, Cyprus (NB), Czech Republic (B) (NB) (P), Denmark (B) (NB) (P), Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Eritrea, Estonia (B) (NB) (P), Ethiopia, Finland (B) (P), France (B) (NB) (P), Gambia, Georgia (B), Germany (B) (NB) (P), Ghana, Greece (B) (NB) (P), Guadeloupe, Guam (NB), Guatemala, Guinea-bissau, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong (China) (NB), Hungary (B) (NB) (P), Iceland (B), India, Iran [Islamic Republic of] (NB) (P), Iraq (NB) (P), Ireland (B) (NB), Israel (NB) (P), Italy (B) (NB) (P), Japan, Jordan (NB) (P), Kazakhstan (B), Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan (B), Laos, Latvia (B) (NB), Lebanon, Liberia, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania (B) (P), Luxembourg (B), Macedonia [The Former Yugoslav Republic of] (B) (NB), Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands (NB), Martinique, Mauritania, Mexico, Micronesia [Federated States of] (NB), Moldova [Republic of] (B) (NB) (P), Mongolia (B), Montenegro (B) (NB), Montserrat, Morocco, Myanmar, Nepal, Netherlands (B) (NB), Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Niger (NB), Nigeria, North Korea, Northern Mariana Islands (NB), Norway (B) (P), Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, Poland (B) (NB) (P), Portugal (B) (NB), Puerto Rico, Qatar, Romania (B) (NB) (P), Russia (Asian) (B), Russia (Central Asian) (B) (P), Russia (European) (B) (P), Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia (B) (NB), Singapore, Slovakia (Slovak Republic) (B) (NB), Slovenia (B) (NB) (P), Somalia, South Korea, Spain (B) (NB), Sri Lanka, St Kitts And Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and The Grenadines, Sudan, Sweden (B) (P), Switzerland (B) (NB), Syrian Arab Republic, Taiwan (China), Tajikistan, Tanzania [United Republic of], Thailand, Togo (NB), Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia (NB), Turkey (B) (NB), Turkmenistan (B), Turks and Caicos Islands, Uganda, Ukraine (B) (NB) (P), United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom (B) (NB), United States Minor Outlying Islands (NB), USA (B), Uzbekistan (B), Vietnam, Western Sahara, Yemen, Zambia.
Vagrant to Australia, Bermuda, Botswana, Brunei Darussalam, Cameroon, Ecuador, Faroe Islands, French Polynesia, Greenland, Guinea, Jamaica, Mozambique, Namibia, New Zealand, Rwanda, Seychelles, South Africa, St Pierre and Miquelon (B) (P), Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands, Venezuela, Virgin Islands (British), Virgin Islands (U.S.), Zimbabwe.
Most of Nearctic and Palearctic, except high Arctic.
 
Population
Estimated population is 5,500,000 - 6,000,000 (2010).
Nest
A scrape or depression on the ground in tall grass, among hummocks, in the open or (rarely) in bulrush marshes. Usually close to water but if grass cover is unavailable it may also nest far away from water under bushes, in hayfields or in meadows. Although not a colonial species, several pairs may nest in close proximity.
Eggs (Guide)
8 - 12; buff, usually tinted green; ellipsoidal. Incubation: about 24 days; by male.
Subspecies
Considered by some to form superspecies with Australian Shoveler (Spatula rhynchotis).
The Field Guide to the Birds of Australia Pizzey, G., and Knight, E., 1997, Angus & Robertson, Sydney ISBN 0 207 19691 5
Field Guide to Australian Birds Morecombe, M., 2000, Steve Parish Publishing Pty Ltd. ISBN 1 876282 10 X
Field Guide to the Birds of Australia Simpson, K., and Day, N., 1999, 6th Edition, Viking ISBN 0 670 87918 5
Reader's Digest Complete Book of Australian Birds 1988, 2nd Edition, Reader's Digest ISBN 0 949819 99 9
What Bird is That? 1984, Revised Edition, Angus & Robertson, Sydney ISBN 0 207 14846 5
Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic Birds 1990 - , Oxford University Press, Melbourne ISBN 0 19 553244 9
The Reader's Digest Book of British Birds 1980, 3rd Edition, Drive Publications Ltd ISBN 0 340 25308 8
Birds in Colour Campbell, B., 1960, Penguin Books Ltd
The Pocket Guide to Nest and Eggs Fitter, R.S.R., 1954, Collins
RSPB Handbook of British Birds Holden, P., Cleeves, T., 2002, A & C Black ISBN 0 7136 5713 8
Birds of Britain and Europe Sterry, P., et al., 2001, AA Publishing ISBN 0 7495 3068 5
The Popular Handbook of British Birds Hollom, P.A.D., 1973, H.F. & G. Witherby Ltd ISBN 0 85493 002 7