Bolivia, Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela.
From south-eastern Venezuela (Bolívar) east through the Guianas to northern Brazil (Pará), and south to south-eastern Peru, northern and eastern Bolivia and southern Mato Grosso.
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).
Amazonian Pygmy Owl (Glaucidium hardyi) [XC266622]
by Peter Boesman from Cristalino Jungle Lodge, MT, Brazil (song)
Amazonian Pygmy Owl (Glaucidium hardyi) [XC821560]
by Richard E. Webster from Parque natural de Porto Velho - Rond\u00f4nia, Brazil (song)
Subspecies
Considered member of Least Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium minutissimum) complex, which also includes Colima Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium palmarum), Tamaulipas Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium sanchezi), Central American Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium griseiceps) and Subtropical Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium parkeri). Traditionally considered a subspecies of Least Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium minutissimum), but appears to differ in morphology, ecology and vocalizations. Alternatively, considered more closely related to Andean Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium jardinii) and Yungas Pygmy-Owl (Glaucidium bolivianum). Further study is needed.