Undulated Antshrike (Frederickena unduliger) [XC597298]
by JAYRSON ARAUJO DE OLIVEIRA from Reserva Natural Palmar\u00ed, Rio Javar\u00ed, AM, Brazil (song)
Undulated Antshrike (Frederickena unduliger) [XC474842]
by GABRIEL LEITE from Rio Chandless - Parque Estadual Chandless, Manoel Urbano - Acre, Brazil (song)
Subspecies
Genus presumed related to Thamnophilus on basis of external morphology, especially the strongly hooked bill, but supporting molecular or other evidence unavailable. Considered to form a superspecies with Black-throated Antshrike (Frederickena viridis). Subspecies defined on basis of female plumages, but racial assignment of specimens often difficult because of extensive individual (though possibly age-related) variation, even among females from same locality; geographical limits of fulva and diversa are based on preliminary vocal analysis. Re-examination of taxa required, and molecular and vocal analysis likely to prove most useful.
The following 4 subspecies are recognised:
unduliger (Pelzeln, 1868) - North-western Amazonian Brazil on upper R Negro, possibly extending south to northern bank of R Solimíµes.
fulva J. T. Zimmer, 1944 - South-eastern Colombia (eastern Cauca, western Caquetá, western Putumayo), eastern Ecuador and eastern Peru (north of R Marañón and R Amazon), possibly extending eastern into Brazil (Amazonas north of R Solimíµes). Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Fulvous Antshrike (Frederickena fulva).
diversa Zimmer, JT, 1944 - Eastern Peru (south of R Marañón and R Amazon) and north-western Bolivia (southern La Paz, extreme southern Beni).
pallida Zimmer, JT, 1944 - South-western Amazonian Brazil (Amazonas south of R Amazon), probably also north-central Bolivia (eastern Pando).