South-eastern Brazil in extreme eastern Sío Paulo and southern Rio de Janeiro.
 
Population
Estimated population is 1,000 - 2,499 (2010) and decreasing.
Status EN
Habitat destruction and degradation due to wide-spread clearance for pasture and plantations, tourism and development, is the main threat.
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.
Voice
Song is a three-second series of low-pitched 'tchóup' calls. Also high-pitched 'tcheek' calls and soft churrs.
Black-hooded Antwren (Formicivora erythronotos) [XC890964]
by id from Rio Mambucaba, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (call)
Black-hooded Antwren (Formicivora erythronotos) [XC589735]
by JAYRSON ARAUJO DE OLIVEIRA from Proximidades do Rio Mambucaba, Brazil (song)
Subspecies
Morphological, vocal and molecular studies indicate that, with exception of Narrow-billed Antwren (Formicivora iheringi), all species placed in current genus form a well-defined group. Following its original description, present species was transferred to genus Myrmotherula. After long period with no records, species was rediscovered, and information on vocalizations and ecology strongly indicated that it should be returned to its present genus, a conclusion supported by recent extensive morphological and vocal study.