Endemic to Hawaiian Is; known to breed only on Hawaii I, but vagrants seen on at least three other islands of archipelago.
 
Population
Estimated population is 1,100 (2010) and stable.
Status NT
Habitat destruction and degradation through forest clearance for agricultural and other developments, logging, introduced ungulates that degrade native forests and inhibit their regeneration, repeated nest disturbance, and perhaps road-kills, are the main threats.
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.