Andean Siskin (Spinus spinescens) [XC220461]
by Niels Krabbe from Santa Marta Lorenzo road, Magdalena, Colombia (song)
Andean Siskin (Spinus spinescens) [XC423501]
by Johana Zuluaga-Bonilla- Ixobrychus from Jardim Botanico, Bogot\u00e1, Colombia (call)
Subspecies
May form a superspecies with Yellow-faced Siskin (Spinus yarrellii). Has recently been proposed that this species be placed in genus Spinus or Sporagra, and revision may be justifiable as phylogenetic analysis indicates that South American siskins are only distantly related to the two Holarctic species, but comprehensive review of all species currently included within present genus is required in order to determine true relationships.
Proposed subspecies capitanea, described from San Miguel (Santa Marta Mts), in northern Colombia, is treated as a synonym of nominate.
The following 2 subspecies are recognised:
spinescens (Bonaparte, 1851) - Colombia (Santa Marta Mts, Sierra de Perijá and eastern Andes) and western and northern Venezuela (probably Sierra de Perijá; northern Andes in Trujillo, Mérida and Táchira. Also north-eastern Aragua).
nigricauda Chapman, 1912 - Western Colombia (western and central Andes southern from northern Antioquia) south to northern Ecuador (Carchi).