Breeds north-eastern Argentina (Misiones, Corrientes, Entre Ríos and north-eastern Buenos Aires), south-eastern Brazil (southern Sío Paulo, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul) and north, eastern and western Uruguay; in austral winter, some move northern as far Mato Grosso do Sul (southern Brazil).
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).
(Cyanoloxia glaucocaerulea) [XC52889]
by Bernabe Lopez-Lanus from Isla Martin Garcia, Buenos Aires, Argentina (song)
Glaucous-blue Grosbeak (Cyanoloxia glaucocaerulea) [XC686573]
by JAYRSON ARAUJO DE OLIVEIRA from Parque Estadual do Esphinillo Barra do Quara\u00ed, Brazil (call, song)
Subspecies
No subspecies.
Genus sometimes subsumed in Passerina. Apparent hybrids between this species and an unspecified Oryzoborus seed-finch (Emberizidae) reported from Brazil.