China (mainland), Japan, Russia (Asian), South Korea, USA.
Breeds eastern Russia (southern Kamchatka), Kuril Is, Sakhalin I and Japan (Hokkaido south to central Honshu). Winters mainly in southern half of Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu and Ryukyu Is (south to Okinawa).
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).
Grey Bunting (Emberiza variabilis) [XC794137]
by yann muzika from osaka, Japan (song)
Grey Bunting (Emberiza variabilis) [XC79377]
by Peter Boesman from Yatsugatake Mountains, Nagano Prefecture, Honshu, Japan (song)
Subspecies
Sometimes placed in a separate genus, Ocyris. Recent phylogenetic study suggests that this species may be sister to Tristram's Bunting (Emberiza tristrami) and Yellow-browed Bunting (Emberiza chrysophrys). Birds from Kamchatka sometimes separated as subspecies musica.
The following 2 subspecies are recognised:
variabilis Temminck, 1836 - Southern Kamchatka, Sakhalin, Kuril Is. and northern Japan; > to Ryukyu Is.