South-eastern Colombia (western Putumayo), eastern Ecuador and northern Peru (Amazonas, northern Loreto); separate population in south-eastern Peru (southern Ucayali, Cuzco, Madre de Dios), western Brazil (south-western Amazonas, Acre, northern Rondônia) and northern Bolivia (western Pando).
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).
Brown-rumped Foliage-gleaner (Automolus melanopezus) [XC653130]
by Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Loaiza B. from San Jose de Payamino (near Loreto Canton), Loreto, Orellana, Ecuador (song)
Brown-rumped Foliage-gleaner (Automolus melanopezus) [XC219444]
by Paul Coopmans from Pantiacolla Lodge, Madre de Dios, Peru (song)
Subspecies
No subspecies.
No obvious sister-species in genus. Although the northern and southern populations are evidently separated geographically, no appreciable phenotypic difference between them is evident.