Eastern Ecuador (primarily south of R Napo), eastern Peru (south of R Napo), south-western Amazonian Brazil (southern Amazonas east to upper drainages of R Juruá, R Purus and R Madeira and northern Rondônia) and north-western Bolivia (Pando, La Paz).
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).
Chestnut-shouldered Antwren (Euchrepomis humeralis) [XC260794]
by Jerome Fischer from Orellana: 'Tiputini Biodiversity Station', Ecuador (song)
Chestnut-shouldered Antwren (Euchrepomis humeralis) [XC435880]
by GABRIEL LEITE from Reserva Natural Palmar\u00ed, Rio Javar\u00ed, AM, Brazil (song)
Subspecies
Closely related to Rufous-rumped Antwren (Euchrepomis callinota) and Yellow-rumped Antwren (Euchrepomis sharpei). Described subspecies transfluvialis based on pair of individuals from single location in western Brazil (Hyutanahan, on R Purus), but more thorough study of geographical variation required before any subspecies regarded as tenable.