Lowlands of Amazonia in northern Brazil, southern Guyana and distantly scattered unpublished localities, probably occurring throughout; also single site in eastern Brazil (type locality).
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).
White-winged Potoo (Nyctibius leucopterus) [XC269802]
by Dan Lane from RPPN Esta\u00e7\u00e3o Veracel, Santa Cruz Cabr\u00e1lia, Bahia, Brazil (song)
White-winged Potoo (Nyctibius leucopterus) [XC11610]
by Alexandre Renaudier from Saint-Eug\u00e8ne, Petit Saut lake, French Guiana (call)
Subspecies
Formerly considered to include Andean Potoo (Nyctibius maculosus), which differs, however, in size, plumage, voice, and elevational distribution. Includes two populations: Amazonian form is a new taxon, as yet undescribed, perhaps deserving species status.