Canada (B), China (mainland), Denmark (B) (NB) (P), Faroe Islands (B) (NB), France (B) (NB) (P), Germany (B) (NB), Greenland (B) (NB), Iceland (B) (NB), Ireland (B) (NB), Japan, Mexico, Netherlands (NB), Norway (B), Portugal (NB), Puerto Rico, Russia (Asian) (B), Russia (European) (B), St Pierre and Miquelon (NB) (P), Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands (B), Sweden, United Kingdom (B) (NB), USA (B).
Vagrant to Antigua And Barbuda, Bahamas, Belgium, Czech Republic, Finland, Morocco, Poland, Russia (Central Asian), Slovakia (Slovak Republic), Slovenia, Spain, Virgin Islands (U.S.).
Population
Estimated population is 15,000,000 - 30,000,000 (2010).
Northern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis) [XC587995]
by Simon Elliott from Great Britain, Northumberland, England, United Kingdom (call)
Northern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis) [XC106041]
by Fernand DEROUSSEN from St. Paul Island, Alaska, United States (call)
Nest
None. On cliff ledges, occasionally on the ground or on buildings. In colonies.
Eggs (Guide)
1; white. Incubation: about 52 - 53 days; by both sexes.
Subspecies
Forms superspecies with Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides). Birds from northern Greenland sometimes considered to form separate subspecies (minor). Validity of subspecies auduboni has often been questioned.
The following 3 subspecies are recognised:
glacialis (Linnaeus, 1761) - High Arctic of northern Atlantic.
auduboni Bonaparte, 1857 - Low Arctic and boreal zones of northern Atlantic.
The Reader's Digest Book of British Birds 1980, 3rd Edition, Drive Publications Ltd ISBN 0 340 25308 8
Birds in Colour Campbell, B., 1960, Penguin Books Ltd
The Pocket Guide to Nest and Eggs Fitter, R.S.R., 1954, Collins
RSPB Handbook of British Birds Holden, P., Cleeves, T., 2002, A & C Black ISBN 0 7136 5713 8
Birds of Britain and Europe Sterry, P., et al., 2001, AA Publishing ISBN 0 7495 3068 5
The Popular Handbook of British Birds Hollom, P.A.D., 1973, H.F. & G. Witherby Ltd ISBN 0 85493 002 7