South-eastern Colombia (western Putumayo), eastern Ecuador and northern Peru (Amazonas, northern Loreto); separate population in south-eastern Peru (southern Ucayali, Cuzco, Madre de Dios), western Brazil (south-western Amazonas, Acre, northern Rondônia) and northern Bolivia (western Pando).
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).
Brown-rumped Foliage-gleaner (Automolus melanopezus) [XC475788]
by Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda Loaiza B. from Parque estadual Chandless, State of Acre, Brazil (song)
Brown-rumped Foliage-gleaner (Automolus melanopezus) [XC535889]
by id from Purus River, Boca do Acre, State of Amazonas, Brazil (song)
Subspecies
No subspecies.
No obvious sister-species in genus. Although the northern and southern populations are evidently separated geographically, no appreciable phenotypic difference between them is evident.