Blue-crowned Manakin (Lepidothrix coronata) [XC827578]
by Joost van Bruggen from San Jose de Payamino (near San Jos\u00e9 de Payamino), Cant\u00f3n de Loreto, Orellana, Ecuador (call, song)
Blue-crowned Manakin (Lepidothrix coronata) [XC525581]
by Kent Livezey from PNN Chiribiquete, cunar\u00e9- Am\u00fa, Colombia (?)
Subspecies
Genus often merged with Pipra. Taxonomy complex and poorly understood: north-western populations (velutina, minuscula) may represent a separate species; populations east of Andes of two distinct types, with males black-bodied in northern (carbonata, caquetae, nominate) and green-bodied in southern (exquisita, caelestipileata, regalis), and apparently intermediate populations in western Amazonia (south of Amazon in northern Peru and western Brazil). Further research needed.
The following 8 subspecies are recognised:
velutina (von Berlepsch, 1883) - Costa Rica (Pacific side, also on Atlantic side in extreme east) and western Panama.
minuscula (Todd, 1919) - Eastern Panama (eastern from Canal Zone), north-western and north-central Colombia (in east, southern possibly to southern Caldas) and north-western Ecuador.
caquetae (Meyer de Schauensee, 1953) - Southern Colombia east of Andes (western Meta, western Caquetá).
carbonata (Todd, 1925) - South-central and south-eastern Colombia, southern Venezuela, and north-eastern Peru and north-western Brazil north of Amazon.
coronata Spix, 1825 - Eastern Ecuador, and north-eastern Peru and adjacent extreme western Brazil south of Amazon.
exquisita (Hellmayr, 1905) - Central Peru east of Andes.
caelestipileata (Goeldi, 1905) - South-eastern Peru and adjacent western Brazil.
regalis (Bond & Meyer de Schauensee, 1940) - North-central Bolivia (Cochabamba).