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 LC    Western Kingbird* Id (Atlas):
    Tyrannus verticalis Vagrant

Description (10)
Image of Western Kingbird
 

Other Names (World)
Western Kingbird, Arkansas Kingbird

Family
Tyrannidae (Tyrant-flycatchers)

Size
21 - 24 cm

First Described (Guide)
Say, 1823

Habitat
Subtropical and tropical lowland dry grassland and shrubland, dry savanna, temperate grassland. From sea-level - 2,300 m.

Range (Guide)
Bahamas, Belize, Canada, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Turks and Caicos Islands, USA (B).

Vagrant to Cuba, Panama, St Pierre and Miquelon (P).

Breeds in western and central North America (southern from southern interior British Colombia, southern Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, east to western Minnesota, western Iowa, western Missouri, Oklahoma and Texas) and northern Mexico (northern Baja California, also southern on mainland to southern Sonora and north-western Chihuahua). Winters from southern Mexico (Pacific coast and adjacent interior from southern Jalisco and Guerrero to southern Chiapas), southern Guatemala, El Salvador, south-western Honduras and western Nicaragua south to Costa Rica (Terraba region).
 
Population
Estimated population is 19,000,000 (2010).

Status LC
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.

Voice
Xeno-Canto Sound Files (more (105)...)

 
Western Kingbird (Tyrannus verticalis) [XC124291]
     by Richard E. Webster from Willow Tank, San Simon Valley, Cochise County, Arizona, United States (call, interaction calls in flight)

 
Western Kingbird (Tyrannus verticalis) [XC540019]
     by id from Blythe, Riverside County, California, United States (call)

Subspecies
No subspecies.

Closest relatives of genus may be Empidonomus and Tyrannopsis. Recent molecular-sequence data indicate present genus is monophyletic and sister-group to clade that includes Empidonomus and Griseotyrannus. There are two main clades within genus, loosely corresponding to "tropical species assemblage" and combination of "W" and "E" species groups of earlier authors, but with some exceptions. Phylogenetic analyses indicate a clade is formed with Scissor-tailed Flycatcher (Tyrannus forficatus), to which Cassin's Kingbird (Tyrannus vociferans) is basal, within an "eastern and western species group" that also includes Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus) and perhaps Loggerhead Kingbird (Tyrannus caudifasciatus) and/or Giant Kingbird (Tyrannus cubensis). It has been suggested, on basis of similarities in voice and certain aspects of behaviour, that it may be closest to Couch's Kingbird (Tyrannus couchii), Cassin's Kingbird (Tyrannus vociferans) and Thick-billed Kingbird (Tyrannus crassirostris) but this is not yet fully evaluated with molecular data.


References
See References.


Files:
JPG files for Western Kingbird (Tyrannus verticalis) - 10 files


More Information

BirdLife International

For more information about the Western Kingbird see... Show Articles BirdLife International Species Factsheet.


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