Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Netherlands Antilles, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Venezuela.
Vagrant to Aruba, Belize, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, Grenada, Jamaica, USA.
Northern and eastern Colombia and eastern Ecuador to northern Venezuela, the Guianas and coastal Brazil as far as Amazon Delta; non breeding visitor to Margarita I and Trinidad, where formerly bred; formerly also coastal Brazil south to Paraná; recent recolonization of Santos Bay, Sío Paulo.
 
Population
Estimated population is 100,000 - 150,000 (2010).
Scarlet Ibis (Eudocimus ruber) [XC222844]
by id from Morrocoy NP, Falcon, Venezuela (call)
Subspecies
Forms superspecies with White Ibis (Eudocimus albus). A recent proposal is that they be merged into a single species on basis of close morphological and ecological similiraties and relatively frequent natural hybridization in zone of overlap in Venezuela. Another view is that they may simply be color morphs.