Extreme eastern Colombia (eastern Vichada, eastern Guainía, eastern Vaupés), southern and eastern Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro), the Guianas, and locally in Amazonian and southern Brazil (mainly upper R Negro area, also Amapá and, south of Amazon, along drainages of rivers Madeira, Tapajós, Xingú and Tocantins, also isolated records from south-eastern Bahia, and from upper R Paraná in southern Goiás); also on Brazil-Argentina border (Iguaí§u Falls).
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).
Black-collared Swallow (Pygochelidon melanoleuca) [XC731569]
by Tayler Brooks from Santa Rita do Novo Destino, Goi\u00e1s, Ch\u00e1cara Jayrson, Brazil (flight call)
Black-collared Swallow (Pygochelidon melanoleuca) [XC706342]
by JAYRSON ARAUJO DE OLIVEIRA from Isla Barranquilla - Araracuara \/ Solano, Caqueta, Colombia (flight call, song, parvada)
Subspecies
No subspecies.
DNA data suggest that this genus and Neochelidon are sister-taxa.