Home Log Out
Birdpedia - Oman         | Home | Birds | Calendar | Reserves | Field Trips | Sightings | Reports | Contacts | [HBW - BirdLife (v3)] 09/05/2024 07:25:14 PM
Species Database
Find
Quick Links
News
 
Species Details [Taxonomy: HBW - BirdLife (v3)] Print... Email... 

 LC    European Robin* Id (Atlas):
    Erithacus rubecula

Description (10)
Image of European Robin
 

Other Names (World)
European Robin, Robin, Robin Redbreast, Redbreast

Family
Muscicapidae (Old World Flycatchers And Chats)

Size
14 cm

First Described (Guide)
(Linnaeus, 1758)

Habitat
Temperate grassland, shrubland, forest, boreal forst and shrubland, urban areas, rural gardens.

Range (Guide)
Albania (B), Algeria, Andorra (B) (NB), Armenia (B), Austria (B) (NB), Azerbaijan (B) (NB), Bahrain (NB), Belarus (B) (NB), Belgium (B) (NB), Bosnia and Herzegovina (B), Bulgaria (B) (NB), China (mainland), Croatia (Local Name: Hrvatska) (B) (NB), Cyprus (NB), Czech Republic (B) (NB), Denmark (B) (NB) (P), Egypt, Estonia (B) (NB), Faroe Islands (B) (NB), Finland (B) (NB) (P), France (B) (NB), Georgia (B), Germany (B) (NB) (P), Gibraltar (B) (NB), Greece (B) (NB) (P), Hungary (B) (NB), Iran [Islamic Republic of] (B), Iraq (NB), Ireland (B) (NB), Israel, Italy (B) (NB), Jordan (NB), Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan (NB), Latvia (B) (NB), Lebanon, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Liechtenstein (B) (NB), Lithuania (B) (NB), Luxembourg (B) (NB), Macedonia [The Former Yugoslav Republic of] (B) (NB), Malta (B) (NB), Moldova [Republic of] (B) (NB), Montenegro (B), Morocco, Netherlands Antilles (B) (NB), Norway (B), Poland (B) (NB), Portugal (B) (NB), Qatar, Romania (B) (NB), Russia (Central Asian) (B), Russia (European) (B), Serbia (B), Slovakia (Slovak Republic) (B) (NB), Slovenia (B) (NB), Spain (B) (NB), Sweden (B) (NB), Switzerland (B) (NB), Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey (B) (NB), Ukraine (B) (NB) (P), United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom (B) (NB).

Vagrant to Afghanistan, Iceland, Japan, Mauritania, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands.

Population
Estimated population is 150,000,000 - 350,000,000 (2010).

Status LC
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.

Food
Invertebrates, especially beetles. Some seeds and fruit in autumn and winter.

Voice
Song, a series of mellow whistled warbles. A sharp 'tic' call.

Xeno-Canto Sound Files (more (134)...)

 
European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) [XC890752]
     by Romuald Mikusek from Arrondissement de Gap (near Montgardin), Hautes-Alpes, Provence-Alpes-C\u00f4te d'Azur, France (song)

 
European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) [XC881867]
     by Esperanza Poveda from Valle del Guadiato (near Villaviciosa de C\u00f3rdoba), C\u00f3rdoba, Andaluc\u00eda, Spain (call)

Nest
A cup of moss, grass and leaves, with a base of dead leaves, in a natural or artificial hollow.

Eggs (Guide)
4 - 6; white, with reddish speckling and spotting giving a rusty appearance.

Subspecies
It has been suggested that Canary Is subspecies superbus merits treatment as a separate species, with birds on Gran Canaria proposed as a separate subspecies ("marionae") on grounds of considerable genetic isolation. This species status, however, is based on very minor levels of differentiation, and taxonomic distinction between the two populations probably not justified without confirmatory differences in morphological characters. Geographical variation extremely slight, with considerable intergradation among western subspecies; valens and caucasicus sometimes merged with hyrcanus. Other described subspecies are armoricanus (described from north-western France), sardus (Sardinia) and balcanicus (western Turkey), all synonymized with nominate.

The following 10 subspecies are recognised:

  • melophilus Hartert, 1901   -  British Is. Non-breeding also south-western Europe.
  • rubecula (Linnaeus, 1758)   -  Continental Europe east to Ural Mts and western Asia Minor, also islands in eastern Atlantic (Azores, Madeira, western Canary Is) and north-western Morocco. Non-breeding western and southern Europe and north-eastern Africa.
  • tataricus Grote, 1928   -  Urals and south-western Siberia. Non-breeding south-western Asia.
  • superbus Koenig, AF, 1889   -  Central Canary Is (Tenerife, Gran Canaria). Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Tenerife Robin (Erithacus superbus).
  • witherbyi Hartert, 1910   -  Northern Algeria and northern Tunisia.
  • valens Portenko, 1954   -  Southern Crimea.
  • caucasicus Buturlin, 1907   -  Eastern Turkey and Caucasus area. Non-breeding also Middle East.
  • hyrcanus Blanford, 1874   -  South-eastern Azerbaijan and northern Iran. Non-breeding also Middle East.
  • marionae Dietzen, Michels & Wink, 2015   -  Gran Canaria I. (central Canary Islands).
  • balcanicus Watson, 1961   -  Balkan Peninsula to western Turkey.



References
See References.

The Reader's Digest Book of British Birds 1980, 3rd Edition, Drive Publications Ltd ISBN 0 340 25308 8
Birds in Colour Campbell, B., 1960, Penguin Books Ltd
The Pocket Guide to Nest and Eggs Fitter, R.S.R., 1954, Collins
RSPB Handbook of British Birds Holden, P., Cleeves, T., 2002, A & C Black ISBN 0 7136 5713 8
Birds of Britain and Europe Sterry, P., et al., 2001, AA Publishing ISBN 0 7495 3068 5
The Popular Handbook of British Birds Hollom, P.A.D., 1973, H.F. & G. Witherby Ltd ISBN 0 85493 002 7


Files:
JPG files for European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) - 10 files


More Information

BirdLife International

For more information about the European Robin see... Show Articles BirdLife International Species Factsheet.


Articles about the European Robin

If you would like to read any articles about the European Robin... Show Articles Show Articles (0)


No Pictures of European Robin

If Birdpedia has no pictures of European Robin or you would like to see more, then try the following...

      Show External Images from BING From BING (10)


No Videos of European Robin

If Birdpedia has no videos of European Robin or you would like to see more, then try the following..

      Show External Videos From BING (0)


Where can I observe this species?
Select an area (or leave blank) to see locations where this species has been recorded.

Area
  All   

Optional: Complete the following if you wish to restrict the reserve to within a given distance of a location.

Please enter the Latitude and Longitiude of a given location together with the maximum distance (km) to display a list of reserves within that distance. You must enter a Latitude, a Longitude and a distance greater than 0.
 
Latitude: (Decimal degrees takes precedence)
Deg Min Sec     Decimal degrees (Include compass setting or value)
         or   GPS help
Longitude: (Decimal degrees takes precedence)
Deg Min Sec     Decimal degrees (Include compass setting or value)
         or   Find GPS using Google Maps
Distance Bearing  
Get Sample GPS readings


On What Field Trips was this species observed?
Select an area (or leave blank), and a date range, to see field trips on which this species has been recorded.

Area
  All   

From To  
 

Optional: Complete the following if you wish to restrict the reserve to within a given distance of a location.

Please enter the Latitude and Longitiude of a given location together with the maximum distance (km) to display a list of reserves within that distance. You must enter a Latitude, a Longitude and a distance greater than 0.
 
Latitude: (Decimal degrees takes precedence)
Deg Min Sec     Decimal degrees (Include compass setting or value)
         or   GPS help
Longitude: (Decimal degrees takes precedence)
Deg Min Sec     Decimal degrees (Include compass setting or value)
         or
Distance Bearing  
Get Sample GPS readings


Latest Sightings for European Robin
Select the Area to restrict the Sightings.

Area
  All