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 LC    Hill Myna* Id (Atlas):
    Gracula religiosa

Description (10)
Image of Hill Myna
 

Other Names (World)
Common Hill Myna, Hill Myna, Talking Myna, Common Grackle

Family
Sturnidae (Starlings)

Size
27 - 31 cm

First Described (Guide)
Linnaeus, 1758

Habitat
Subtropical and tropical lowland and montane moist forest. From 300 - 2,000 m.

Range (Guide)
Bangladesh (E) (B), Bhutan (B), Brunei Darussalam (B), Cambodia (B), China (mainland) (B), India (B), Indonesia (B), Laos (B), Malaysia (B), Myanmar (B), Nepal (B), Philippines (B), Singapore (B), Sri Lanka (B), Thailand (B), Vietnam (B).

Introduced to Hong Kong (China), Puerto Rico (B).

Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).

Status LC
Habitat destruction and trade are the main threats.

For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.

Habits
Can mimic human speech.

Voice
Xeno-Canto Sound Files (more (177)...)

 
Common Hill Myna (Gracula religiosa) [XC80673]
     by Mike Nelson from , India (call)

 
Common Hill Myna (Gracula religiosa) [XC542270]
     by Ding Li Yong from , Malaysia (call)

Subspecies
Often treated as conspecific with Southern Hill Myna (Gracula indica), Enggano Hill-Myna (Gracula enganensis) and Nias Hill Myna (Gracula robusta). Birds from Flores (Lesser Sundas), described as subspecies mertensi, considered inseparable from venerata.

The following 7 subspecies are recognised:

  • intermedia Hay, 1845   -  Northern and north-eastern Indian Subcontinent east to Myanmar and southern China (including Hainan I), south to northern peninsular Thailand, Cambodia and Indochina.
  • peninsularis Whistler & Kinnear, 1933   -  East-central India (Orissa and south-eastern Madhya Pradesh).
  • andamanensis (Beavan, 1867)   -  Coco Is (south of western Myanmar), Andaman Is and Nicobar Is.
  • religiosa Linnaeus, 1758   -  Southern Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Bangka I, Belitung, northern Natunas, Borneo, Java and Bali.
  • batuensis Finsch, 1899   -  Batu Is and Mentawai Is, off western Sumatra.
  • palawanensis (Sharpe, 1890)   -  Palawan (western Philippines).
  • venerata Bonaparte, 1850   -  Lesser Sundas from Lombok and Sumbawa east to Pantar and Alor. Considered by some authors to be a distinct species, Tenggara Hill Myna (Gracula venerata).



References
See References.


Files:
JPG files for Hill Myna (Gracula religiosa) - 10 files


More Information

BirdLife International

For more information about the Hill Myna see... Show Articles BirdLife International Species Factsheet.


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