Cambodia, India (B), Indonesia (B), Malaysia (B), Myanmar (B), Palau (B), Papua New Guinea (B), Philippines (B), Solomon Islands (B), Thailand (B), Vietnam (B).
Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India, Mergui archipelago (Myeik Kyunzu), Myanmar, islands off south-west peninsular Thailand, islands around Peninsular Malaysia, islands off southern Cambodia and Vietnam, islands around Sumatra, Wallacea and Papua (formerly Irian Jaya), Indonesia, possibly also Timor-Leste, many islands in the Philippines, islands in Papua New Guinea and throughout the Solomon Islands, plus Palau (race pelewensis).
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010) and decreasing.
Status NT
Habitat destruction and degradation, trapping for food, the pet trade, predation by rats Rattus spp., cats and other alien predators at nesting grounds, are the main threats.
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.
Voice
Usually silent. Occasionally utters harsh, guttural croaks and a soft 'cooing'.
Nicobar Pigeon (Caloenas nicobarica) [XC153243]
by Sander Pieterse from trail to Had Lek, Ko Miang, Mu Ko Similan National Park, Andaman Sea, Thailand (call)
Nicobar Pigeon (Caloenas nicobarica) [XC153244]
by Krzysztof Ka\u0142u\u017cny from trail to Had Lek, Ko Miang, Mu Ko Similan National Park, Andaman Sea, Thailand (call)
Subspecies
Distinctive genus of uncertain affinities, perhaps closest to Gallicolumba, with which it may share a common ancestral stock. Larger extinct form, Caloenas canacorum, known from New Caledonia and Tonga.
The following 2 subspecies are recognised:
nicobarica (Linnaeus, 1758) - Andaman and Nicobar Is, Mergui Archipelago and Con Son Is (off southern Vietnam) through Indonesia and Philippines to islands offNew Guinea and Solomon Is.
BirdLife International Species Factsheet