Anguilla, Antigua And Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Canada (B), Cayman Islands, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, St Kitts And Nevis, St Lucia, St Pierre and Miquelon (P), St Vincent and The Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, USA (B), Venezuela.
Vagrant to French Polynesia, Greenland, Jamaica, United Kingdom, Virgin Islands (U.S.).
Breeds in southern Canada (from south-western Northwest Territories and north-eastern British Columbia east to Newfoundland and Nova Scotia) and north-eastern USA (north-eastern Minnesota east to Maine and New Hampshire). Migrates to Central America and north-western South America.
 
Population
Estimated population is 3,000,000 (2010).
Bay-breasted Warbler (Setophaga castanea) [XC389098]
by Sue Riffe from Tourbi\u00e8res de Saint-Just-de-Breteni\u00e8res, Montmagny, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada (song)
Bay-breasted Warbler (Setophaga castanea) [XC253753]
by Matt Wistrand from Parc national du Fjord-du-Saguenay (Baie-Sainte-Marguerite), La Haute-C\u00f4te-Nord, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada (song)
Subspecies
No subspecies.
Relationships unclear. Blackpoll Warbler (Setophaga striata) presumed to be the closest relative of present species, but little information. Has hybridized with Blackpoll Warbler (Setophaga striata), Yellow-rumped Warbler (Setophaga coronata) (nominate subspecies) and Blackburnian Warbler (Setophaga fusca).