Southern Lapwing (Vanellus chilensis) [XC737429]
by Joost van Bruggen from Cristian\u00f3polis, Fazenda Marco Polo - Goi\u00e1s, Brazil (song)
Southern Lapwing (Vanellus chilensis) [XC855283]
by Barry Edmonston from Primavera (near Cerro Sombrero), Tierra del Fuego Province, Magallanes and Chilean Antarctica, Chile (call)
Subspecies
Based on proportions and vocalization, might comprise two species, with separation of cayennensis, incorporating lampronotus. However, intergradation known at one locality. Subspecies fretensis sometimes merged with nominate subspecies.
The following 4 subspecies are recognised:
cayennensis (Gmelin, JF, 1789) - Northern South America, north of R Amazon.
lampronotus (Wagler, 1827) - R Amazon south through central, eastern and southern Brazil to northern Chile and northern Argentina.
chilensis (Molina, 1782) - Argentina and Chile south to Chiloé I and Comodoro Rivadavia.
fretensis (Brodkorb, 1934) - Southern Chile and southern Argentina.