El Salvador (E) (B) (NB), Guatemala (B) (NB), Honduras (B) (NB), Mexico (B) (NB), Nicaragua (B) (NB).
Southern Mexico (Oaxaca and Chiapas) south to northern Nicaragua.
 
Population
Estimated population is 91,000 (2010) and decreasing.
Status VU
Habitat alteration, through clearing and conversion to agriculture, and hunting are the main threats.
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.
Highland Guan (Penelopina nigra) [XC125913]
by Pablo Bola\u00f1os Sittler from Finca Patracinio, Retalhuleu, Guatemala (call)
Highland Guan (Penelopina nigra) [XC334376]
by Richard E. Webster from Campamento El Triunfo, Chiapas, Mexico (call, excited long call)
Subspecies
Two subspecies (dickeyi, rufescens) have been described on the basis of variation in the colour of the bare facial skin, but validity doubtful.
No subspecies.
Similar Species
Possibly with Crested Guan (Penelope purpurascens) which also has red dewlap and occurs in some cloud forests.
References
See References.