Other Names (World)
Black-headed Ibis, White Ibis, Oriental Ibis, Oriental White Ibis, Indian White Ibis, Asian White Ibis, Oriental Black-necked Ibis, Indian Black-necked Ibis
Habitat
Freshwater marshes, lakes, rivers, flooded grasslands, paddy fields, tidal creeks, mudflats, saltmarshes and coastal lagoons, usually in extreme lowlands. From sea-level - 950 m.
Bangladesh (NB), Cambodia (B), China (mainland) (NB), Hong Kong (China) (NB), India (B), Indonesia (B) (NB), Malaysia (NB), Myanmar (NB), Nepal (NB), Pakistan (B), Philippines (NB), Russia (Asian), Sri Lanka (B), Thailand (NB), Vietnam (B).
Vagrant to Japan (NB), Laos (NB), Mongolia, South Korea (NB).
Breeds from Pakistan and Nepal through India to Sri Lanka; north-eastern China; Viet Nam; Java and possibly Sumatra. Winters in southern China, Burma, Thailand, Sumatra and Philippines. Formerly more widespread in eastern Asia.
 
Population
Estimated population is 20,000 (2010) and decreasing.
Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) [XC198761]
by Lakshmikant Rajaram Neve from Keoladeo National Park (near Shreenagar Rural), Bharatpur, Rajasthan, India (flight call)
Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis melanocephalus) [XC357925]
by Lakshmikant Rajaram Neve from Pimprisekam, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, India (alarm call)
Subspecies
Forms superspecies with African Sacred Ibis (Threskiornis aethiopicus) and Australian Ibis (Threskiornis moluccus) and sometimes considered a subspecies of African Sacred Ibis (Threskiornis aethiopicus).