South-eastern Brazil (northern Mato Grosso do Sul east to extreme south-eastern Bahia, south to central Rio Grande do Sul), eastern Paraguay and north-eastern Argentina (Misiones and northern Corrientes).
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).
Ruby-crowned Tanager (Tachyphonus coronatus) [XC308468]
by Douglas Meyer from Doutor Pedrinho, Santa Catarina, Brazil (song)
Ruby-crowned Tanager (Tachyphonus coronatus) [XC348319]
by JAYRSON ARAUJO DE OLIVEIRA from Foz do Igua\u00e7u, Foz do Igua\u00e7u, Paran\u00e1, Brazil (song)
Subspecies
No subspecies.
Recent molecular-genetic data indicate that this species and White-lined Tanager (Tachyphonus rufus) are sister-species, and that Red-shouldered Tanager (Tachyphonus phoenicius) is sister to both of these.