Blackstart (Oenanthe melanura) [XC804606]
by Oscar Campbell from Al Wajh, Tabuk Province, Saudi Arabia (song)
Blackstart (Oenanthe melanura) [XC788506]
by Oscar Campbell from Tayyib al Ism, Haql, Tabuk Province, Oman (song)
Subspecies
Species often given as erlangeri, but that name invalid, as preoccupied. Subspecies ultima individually highly variable, possibly not distinct from airensis.
The following 6 subspecies are recognised:
ultima (Bates, 1933) - Eastern Mali and western Niger.
airensis (Hartert, 1921) - Northern Niger (Aí¯r) east to central Sudan.
melanura (Temminck, 1824) - Israel, Jordan and extreme north-eastern Egypt (Sinai) south to north-western and interior central and southern Arabia.
neumanni (Ripley, 1952) - South-western Saudi Arabia, western and southern Yemen and south-western Oman.
lypura (Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1833) - North-central and north-eastern Sudan, and south-eastern Egypt south to Eritrea.