Bhutan, China (mainland), India, Myanmar, Nepal, Vietnam.
West-central Nepal and southern and south-eastern Tibet east to hills of north-eastern India, northern and western Myanmar, western and south-western China (southern Sichuan, western Yunnan) and northern Vietnam (north-western Tonkin).
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).
Darjeeling Woodpecker (Dendrocopos darjellensis) [XC324118]
by Peter Boesman from Longcanggou, Yingjing, Sichuan, China (call)
Darjeeling Woodpecker (Dendrocopos darjellensis) [XC100885]
by Mike Nelson from Eaglenest Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunachal Pradesh, India (call)
Subspecies
Genus sometimes merged into Picoides. Related to Scarlet-breasted Woodpecker (Dryobates cathpharius). Other possible relationships require clarification. North-eastern populations average slightly smaller. Birds from western China thus described as subspecies desmursi, but variation is clinal in nature.
The following 2 subspecies are recognised:
darjellensis (Blyth, 1845) - Nepal to south-eastern Tibet, north-eastern India, northern Myanmar, south-western China and north-western Tonkin.