Lowlands of Amazonia in northern Brazil, southern Guyana and distantly scattered unpublished localities, probably occurring throughout; also single site in eastern Brazil (type locality).
 
Population
Estimated population is unknown (2010).
White-winged Potoo (Nyctibius leucopterus) [XC66443]
by Alexandre Renaudier from R\u00e9gina, Montagne tortue, French Guiana (call, song)
White-winged Potoo (Nyctibius leucopterus) [XC91434]
by Christian Borges Andretti from RPPN Esta\u00e7\u00e3o Veracel, Porto Seguro, Bahia, Brazil (song)
Subspecies
Formerly considered to include Andean Potoo (Nyctibius maculosus), which differs, however, in size, plumage, voice, and elevational distribution. Includes two populations: Amazonian form is a new taxon, as yet undescribed, perhaps deserving species status.