Island Monarch (Monarcha cinerascens) [XC413912]
by id from Beo, Kabupaten Kepulauan Talaud, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia (call)
Island Monarch (Monarcha cinerascens) [XC68729]
by Frank Lambert from Talaud, Indonesia (call)
Subspecies
Several authors have proposed that the species should be treated as monotypic or, alternatively, restricted to just nominate race and three others, from very pale perpallidus to dark impediens and an intermediate fulviventris (with wide degree of variation within and between the island forms).
Other proposed subspecies are jacobii (from Talaud Is), disjunctus (northern Sumbawa, islands in Flores Sea), intercedens (Tukangbesi Is), harterti (Moluccas), brunneus (Great Banda, in southern Moluccas) and kisserensis (eastern Lesser Sundas), all synonymized with nominate.
The Field Guide to the Birds of Australia Pizzey, G., and Knight, E., 1997, Angus & Robertson, Sydney ISBN 0 207 19691 5
Field Guide to Australian Birds Morecombe, M., 2000, Steve Parish Publishing Pty Ltd. ISBN 1 876282 10 X
Field Guide to the Birds of Australia Simpson, K., and Day, N., 1999, 6th Edition, Viking ISBN 0 670 87918 5
Reader's Digest Complete Book of Australian Birds 1988, 2nd Edition, Reader's Digest ISBN 0 949819 99 9
What Bird is That? 1984, Revised Edition, Angus & Robertson, Sydney ISBN 0 207 14846 5
Handbook of Australian, New Zealand & Antarctic Birds 1990 - , Oxford University Press, Melbourne ISBN 0 19 553244 9