Habitat
Dense thickets along the river edge, interior, densely wooded forest, with trees 20-30 m in height, dense second growth, consisting mostly of overgrown manioc plantations with widely scattered, 20-30 m trees. From 800 - 900 m.
Extreme northern Brazil (middle R Branco and tributaries) and adjacent Guyana (R Ireng).
 
Population
Estimated population is 10,000 - 19,999 (2010) and decreasing.
Status CR
Habitat destruction and degradation through accelerating deforestation as land is cleared for cattle ranching and soy production, facilitated by expansion of the road network, is the main threat.
For more information see BirdLife International Species Factsheet.
Voice
A series of up to 20 defined 'pook' or faster 'kikuk' notes.
Rio Branco Antbird (Cercomacra carbonaria) [XC122868]
by Jon King from right bank of Rio Uraricuera just south of RR-319 ferry crossing, Roraima, Brazil (song)
Rio Branco Antbird (Cercomacra carbonaria) [XC66251]
by Jon King from Urariquera bridge, north of Boa Vista, Brazil (song)
Subspecies
Appears to form a species group with Jet Antbird (Cercomacra nigricans), Mato Grosso Antbird (Cercomacra melanaria) and Bananal Antbird (Cercomacra ferdinandi) on basis of plumage, vocalizations and ecology, with Manu Antbird (Cercomacra manu) probably sister to the group.